What Is Bladder Cancer And How It Is Treated?


      Bladder cancer

The bladder is the organ in the body that holds urine. Every year, approximately 45,000 men and 17,000 women are diagnosed with the disease bladder cancers.

Stages of bladder cancer

Stage 0 bladder cancer hasn’t spread past the mucosal lining of the bladder.
Stage 1 bladder cancer spread past the lining of the bladder, but it hasn’t reached a layer of muscle in the bladder.
Stage 2 bladder cancer spread to the muscle in the bladder.
Stage 3 cancer spread into the tissues that surround the bladder.
Stage 4 bladder cancer spread past the bladder to the neighboring organs of the body.


What are the symptoms of bladder cancer?




What causes bladder cancer?
Bladder cancer develops when cells in the bladder grow abnormally. These cells form a tumor
Causes of bladder cancer include
·        Smoking and using tobacco
·        Occupational exposure to chemicals
·        Past radiation exposure
·        Chronic irritation
·        Parasitic infections

How is bladder cancer diagnosed?
·        Diagnosis of bladder cancer using one or more of the following methods
·        Urinalysis
·        Cystoscopy: inserting a narrow tube that has a small camera on it, through your urethra to see inside your bladder
·        Biopsy: Remove a sample of tissue and tested to look for signs of cancer.
·        CT scan / MRI to view the bladder

Bladder cancer treatment includes:
Endoscopic Resection of Bladder Tumor and microscopic examination – As Internal step.
If microscopy suggests
1.      Superficial + low garden > Follow –up
2.      Superficial + high garden > Installation of anticancer agents inside the bladder.
3.      Deep / Muscle invasive tumor > Robotic / Open Removal entire bladder followed by Urinary tract reconstruction by using an intestinal segment.



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